Macedonian I can understand better, and Im going to say that my comprehension of it used to lie somewhere between 90 and 95%, and Im going to cite 98% for my present knowledge theres a lot of technical vocabulary that takes a while to grasp, and a few words that I cant make sense of no matter how hard I try, but most of the differences are more marginal than between standard Serbian and Macedonian: Yet its totally foreign to many in Croatia. Recently a Croatian linguist forwarded a proposal to formally recognize Chakavian as a separate language, but the famous Croatian Slavicist Radoslav Katii argued with him about this and rejected the proposal on political, not linguistic grounds. That information is in error. Only problem is which is in Czech but not in slovak. Languages can also be mutually intelligible only in spoken forms such as Polish and Ukrainian or only in written forms such as Icelandic and Faroese. Russian has a decent intelligibility with Bulgarian, possibly on the order of 50%, but Bulgarian intelligibility of Russian seems lower. Lach is a Czech-Polish transitional lect with a close relationship with Cieszyn Silesian. Russia Invades Ukraine pt XII. between Ni Torlak and Macedonian than between either of those two and Serbian Pei Mario (1949). Basically, when you are listening to Bulgarians, you only hear an incomprehensible row of ta-jat-to-ta-jat-ta-to-ta. Russian is actually a little further, but most Belarusian speakers are bilingual (Bel-Rus) and most Ukrainian . When I was first exposed to spoken BCS, the most significant issue was their prosody, because the vocabulary and the grammar presented very little difficulty for me as a Ukrainian/Russian bilingual. ", "English in Scotland a phonological approach", "Mutual Intelligibility of Closely Related Languages within the Romance language family", "How Konkani Won the Battle for 'Languagehood', "Algumas observaes sobre a noo de lngua portuguesa", Romanian language Britannica Online Encyclopedia, "UCLA Language Materials Project: Language Profile", "Uzbek | the Center for East European and Russian/Eurasian Studies", "Soviet Dungan nationalism: a few comments on their origin and language", "The Linguistic Characteristic Of Esan Language: Towards Its Empowerment and Development", "Mutual intelligibility of spoken Maltese, Libyan Arabic, and Tunisian Arabic functionally tested: A pilot study", "Gdzie "sicz", a gdzie "porohy"?! That is good to know. About Slovak being two different unintelligible languages I highly doubt so. Croatian-Shtokavian is only a dialect of Serbian language. IOW, I think there are two languages Czech and Slovak and I do not agree that they are the same language with two dialects. As an example, in the case of a linear dialect continuum that shades gradually between varieties, where speakers near the center can understand the varieties at both ends with relative ease, but speakers at one end have difficulty understanding the speakers at the other end, the entire chain is often considered a single language. Polish ~ Kashubian . It has a very high degree of mutual intelligibility with Galician (spoken in Northwestern Spain), which is a language thats sort of a cross between Portuguese and Spanish. Thank you very much for this. These attacks killed over 200 people. Serbian is a macrolanguage made up to two languages: Shtokavian Serbian and Torlak or Gorlak Serbian. I am communicating very often with speakers of the other Slavic languages, so I did an experiment and I tried to write something in Bulgarian for one first time. Woof woof! [2], Because of the difficulty of imposing boundaries on a continuum, various counts of the Romance languages are given; in The Linguasphere register of the worlds languages and speech communities David Dalby lists 23 based on mutual intelligibility:[13]. Croatian language doesnt exists. The intelligibility of Polish and Russian is very low, on the order of 5-10%. Once you learn Ukrainian, you can understand Polish, Czech, Belarusian, or other Slavic languages because they are quite similar. Im Slovenian, my mother tongue is Slovenian, however I have also learnt Serbo-Croatian from a very early age. With this, off I go to sleep. Ive watched that movie on a croatian television with the croatian subtitle and understood that movie much much better, though Croatian also has a little differences. I believe Can Ukrainians and Polish understand each other? I just didnt realize that when you talked about learning the other language you were actually referring to the errors inherent in doing a non-virgin ears MI study, and not conflating language learning with mutual intelligibility. They give you strict % figures, and it is pretty amazing. I can read and understand a lot of Bulgarian in written form, its basically old slavic , many such words are simply obsolete or archaic in modern serbian, but i do get the gist of any written article. In some respects, all Slavic languages have a lot in common. Intelligibility between Balachka and Ukrainian is not known. Kajkavian is probably closer to Slovenian than it is to Chakavian. Russian is partially mutually intelligible with Ukrainian, Rusyn and Belarusian. In this case, another criteria I would also consider is how hard or easy it is for a Serb to start understanding Macedonian. Because they use different alphabets, German and Yiddish are only mutually intelligible when spoken. Later I found out that Slovenian and Bulgarian/Macedonian are all south Slavic languages while Serbian language is actually a western Slavic language like Slovak/Czech/Polish. I think Robert has done articles on 9/11 conspiracy theories and their level of crediblity, yeah. Serbo-Croatian has variable intelligibility of Macedonian, averaging ~55%, while Nis Serbians have ~90% intelligibility with Macedonian. The Russian language doesn't have a sound for " ." Ukrainian is a mostly phonetic language. Furthermore, there is a dialect continuum between Kajkavian and Chakavian as there is between Kajkavian and Slovenian, and lects with a dialect continuum between them are always separate languages. The key problem of Bulgarian is the different gramar the lack of declination and the use of postpositive articles. Those 12% in Polish are very dubious as well. It should be noted that this division is conditional (actually: arbitrary) (and) names do not reflect the different languages, but only periods in the development of the Bulgarian language, which (have) detectable traits. Salute from Czech republic. Yes because governments dont conspire do they except for the Gulf of Tonkin, Iraq war, drug trafficking, coups, supporting the same Islamic terrorism which is even mentioned in main stream press during the 90s with links to the 9/11 hijackers which we are now supposably fighting a phoney war on terror against. A Serbian friend of mine was estaunished to see how some Macedonian celebrities speak Serbian on the TV without accent. Usually, they can even write their theses in Slovak. However, my girlfriend never ever says these words and rather uses on and ona just like in Serbian. I also have no problems understanding standard Croatian or the Kajkavian and Cakavian Croatian dialects and Bosnian and Montenegrin to me are the same language and completely understandable. Also akavian has some elements of its own. Exposure doesnt count. Briefly put, mutual intelligibility is when speakers of one language can understand a related language to some degree. Polish: 5% the copula is mostly the same (sm/si/e/smo/ste/su vs. sum/si/e/sme/ste/se) He said if he was there for about a week he could understand probably everything. There are some dialects around Buzet that seem to be the remains of old Kajkavian-Chakavian transitional dialects (Jembrigh 2014). But, as the goal of the OP was to debunk the myth that says every slavic speaker can understand each other, he is quite right on that. That barrier, however, is not too difficult to overcome. Pretty accurate I think. Belarussian almost completely comprehensible, except a few words. This is simply not the case. The German influence is more prominent in the west; Polish influence is greater in the east. Burgenland Croatian, spoken in Austria, is intelligible to Croatian speakers in Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary, but it has poor intelligibility with the Croatian spoken in Croatia. Belarussian and Ukrainian have 85% similar vocabulary. But despite similarities in grammar and vocabulary and almost identical alphabets, they differ sharply in many ways and are not mutually intelligible. My mother is a native Croatian speaker and she told me that serbian and croatian have very good intelligibility but however the grammar is very different.Comparing those two languages would be like comparing czech and slovakian. Save. I will also say that it is a fact that a British intelligence linked terrorist Anas al-Liby recruited by MI6 to kill Gadaffi in 96 was involved in the African Embassy bombings. The results show that in most cases, a division between West and South Slavic languages does exist and that West . You are a smart guy. Price, Glanville (1971), French Language: Present and Past, Jameson Books, Pope, Mildred K. From Latin to French, with Especial Consideration of Anglo-Norman. And the 25% is very low. For instance, akavian Croatian is not intelligible with Standard Croatian. It differs from the rest of Silesian in that it has undergone heavy Czech influence. Both me and her had a much easier time following the Rusyn dialects than standard Ukrainian (although they were by no means completely comprehensible). Can you give me your name here or can you email me with your name, unless that is you in your email address there. Other factors that one has to keep in mind is recent (and not so recent, too) history and its linguistic implications on speakers for instance, Slovaks older that about 20 dont have much trouble understanding Czech because Czech was pretty intrusive if not dominant in official and intercommunal use in Czechoslovakia until its collapse. 4. Czechs claim only 10-15% intelligibility of Polish. After all, you can look at the study that I listed above and check the results of the written translation task (translation of 50 individual words), which illustrates the similarity of lexicons: Czechs best understand Slovak words (96,52%), then Polish (64,29%), then Bulgarian (57,00%), Croatian (55,38%) and Slovene (49,73%). Routledge. However, all three languages - Ukrainian, Russian and Belarusian - are in part mutually intelligible, and already knowing one can help a lot if you want to learn one of the . Slow, deliberate speech is not typical. 3. If you choose to study a language thats mutually intelligible with one you already know, chances are youll have to put a lot less work in than if you were learning a language from scratch. America paid us to hand over al-Qaeda suspects December 2014. Albeit, Scots dialect is far more pronounced than English, and at times, can be unintelligible. Not only that, but it is not even fully intelligible with the Eastern Slovak that it resembles most. French has 89% lexical similarity with Italian, 80% similarity with Sardinian (spoken on the Italian island of Sardinia), 78% similarity with Romansh (spoken in parts of Switzerland) and 75% similarity with Portuguese, Romanian and Spanish. I think that nowadays people from Ni also dont understand that Serbian enough. To some extent, Russian, Rusyn, Ukrainian, and Belarusian retain a degree of mutual intelligibility. Mezentseva, Inna. Sorry for my English, Im still learning itespecially right word order. There are also some TV shows that show Czech and Slovak contestants untranslated (like in Sweden where Norwegian comics perform untranslated), and most people seem to understand these shows. An individual's achievement of moderate proficiency or understanding in a language (called L2) other than their first language (L1) typically requires considerable time and effort through study and practical application if the two languages are not very closely related. It is not intelligible with Shtokavian, although this is controversial. Then tokavian person reaction would be: What? Macedonain and Serbo-Croatian being 25% inteligible is simply not true. Can you give me a figure for how much of a Bulgarian text you can understand? Ive not read em myself. The unintelligibility is only due to the manner of speaking and not because of lexical and/or grammatical differences. Its spelling, however, is quite different from any of them. Ukrainian and Belarusian are pretty much mutually intelligible (source: I am a poet in Belarusian, I go to poetry festivals in Belarus quite often and there are no interpreters for the Ukrainian poets invited to international events). Communication about such things is significantly impaired at this level. Czechs see Slovaks as country bumpkins backwards and folksy but optimistic, outgoing and friendly. Although the standard view is that Balachka is a Ukrainian dialect, some linguists say that it is actually a separate language closely related to Ukrainian. For instance, Portuguese and Spanish have a relatively high degree of mutual intelligibility, but theyre technically separate languages. I admit that my prehistoric learning of Russian (1985-1990) made it easier for me to guess the meaning of words izpolzovana a saestvuvat (which have the same meaning in Russian), but I think that I could guess it even from the context. Very interesting. [2] As a consequence, spoken mutual intelligibility is not reciprocal. Is the virgin Intelligibility important? Chakavian actually has a written heritage, but it was mostly written down long ago. It may seem that Polish and Russian are mutually intelligible because they both come from the same language family and share a lot of similarities. 60%? In this week's Slavic languages comparison, we talk about animals in Polish and Ukrainian. The more German the Silesian dialect is, the harder it is for Poles to understand. The only big one i disagree with your breakdown is serbian/croatian vs bulgarian. There is much nonsense said about the mutual intelligibility of the various languages in the Slavic family. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=58Aog4AJdQM. Not true about Czech / Slovak inteligibility. You cant honestly believe that 19 hijackers from Saudi Arabia armed only with boxcutters where able to attack US biggest most powerful landmarks given all the hard factual evidence not including things like thermite or if a missile hit the Pentagon or other junk like that. Sets of similar languages are the result of shared origin, so knowing a little more about mutual intelligibility can help you understand their origin. cheers I cannot understand that much of kajkavski nor akavski, but I can understand more akavski than I can kajkavski. According to former Pakistani President Musharraf Omar Sheikh who wired $100,000 to Mohammed Atta was recruited during the 90s by British intelligence. Bulgarian is a pluricentric language it has several literary norms. Yes you can. You cannot simply separate the articles from the words during a regular conversation. #5. But the end of the sentence clarified these words. I would like to add an interesting fact Slovenian has very harsh dialects due to the historic separation of different regions. If the central varieties die out and only the varieties at both ends survive, they may then be reclassified as two languages, even though no actual language change has occurred during the time of the loss of the central varieties. Russian only has 60% intelligibility of Balachka. Their mutual intelligibility varies greatly, between the dialects themselves, with Shtokavian, and with other languages. Generally, when foreigners say speakers of a certain language speak too fast, speakers of that language can hear that fast speech just fine. However, the Ser-Drama-Lagadin-Nevrokop dialect in northeastern Greece and southern Bulgaria and the Maleevo-Pirin dialect in eastern Macedonia and western Bulgaria are transitional between Bulgarian and Macedonian. What languages are mutually intelligible with Russian? Hello Mr Lindsay, I also met Croats from Zagreb that never learn Slovenian or live in Slovenia and I thought they are native Slovenian speakers because they can speak Slovenian perfectly. Also I have a long article coming up as a chapter in a peer reviewed book being published out of Turkey. Maybe I could offer you somehow help? I would hazzard to say that Polish and Czech languages are at minimum 50% Intelligible and comprehensible between Poles and Czechs (when spoken with normal pace ) and at least 60-70% . Mutual Intelligibility among the Slavic Languages by Robert Lindsay The mutual intelligibility (MI) of the languages of the Slavic family is an interesting topic because many are mutually intelligible to one degree or another. ????? Polish has 22% intelligibility of Silesian, 12% of Czech, 6% of Russian, and 5% of Bulgarian. Ive been following this page and kept coming to it for the past months, actually more than a year (and have noticed some updates). Thus, this exposure gives them an edge when trying to understand Czech. Spanish has varying degrees of mutual intelligibility with Galician, Portuguese, Catalan, Italian, Sardinian and French. And the same problem emerges in other situations. Also how much of Rusyn do Russians understand on a % basis? Perhaps you would care to explain why the FBI has NOT charged Osama Bin Ladin with 9/11 but with the African Embassy bombings. | Animals | Slavic Languages Comparison The Best Online German Learning Resources Ukrainian phrases Ukrainian Phrasebook And Dictionary Paperback Lonely Planet: The world's leading travel guide publisher. There are distinct regional variations of Arabic. Similar things are also valid for Ukraine and Belarus, both of which were parts of the Soviet Union, where Russian was the dominant official language. He conducts his interviews in Macedonian, and as you can watch , his guests, be they bulgarians, serbs, bosnians, croats have no trouble understanding his questions. Despite all of this, Ukrainian and Russian aren't the closest languages in the Slavic language family, and they're not even mutually intelligible. Ukrainian is a lineal descendant of the colloquial language used in Kievan Rus (10th-13th century). If you're russian you understand the meaning of what other is saying to a degree of around 80%. a person with Virgin ears from any where in the Czech republic and west and central Slovakia will understand each other fairly well. These 4 main Polish dialects are: Greater Polish, which is spoken in the west of the country. Russian has 85% intelligibility of Rusyn, 74% of oral Belorussian and 85% of written Belorussian, 60% of Balachka, 50% of oral Ukrainian and 85% of written Ukrainian, 36% of oral Bulgarian and 80% of written Bulgarian, 38% of Polish, 30% of Slovak and oral Montenegrin and 50% of written Montenegrin, 12% of oral Serbo-Croatian, 25% of written Serbo-Croatian, and 10% of Czech. Western Slovak speakers say Eastern Slovak sounds idiotic and ridiculous, and some words are different, but other than that, they can basically understand it. But in the case of written Russian, you could elevate this number up to 70-80% quite easily. Therefore I would go with 25%. BULGARIAN (transferred to the Latin script): algarskijat ezik e indoevropejski ezik ot grupata na junoslavjanskite ezici. In other words, Ukrainian speakers can often understand Russian, while Russian speaker doesn't understand Ukrainian, especially Russian speakers from outside Ukraine. This makes Polish a much much easier language to learn than Russian. Learning a language becomes fun and easy when you learn with movie trailers, music videos, news and inspiring talks.
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