Unipolar neurons have axons structurally divided into peripheral and central processes, Neurons in the CNS are organized into functional groups, If bacteria invaded the CNS tissue, microglia would migrate to the area to engulf and destroy them, The nodes of Ranvier are found only on myelinated, peripheral neuron processes. 11. Both responses are examples of graded potentials. A. Sensory. What does the central nervous system use to determine the strength of a stimulus? The part of a neuron that sends neurotransmitters into a synapse is called a(n): 6. (a) They conduct impulses. c) Neurons are the most abundant type of cell in nervous tissue. They propel cellular components along microtubules. If physicians found that inflammation had caused damage to the blood-brain barrier, which a. Schwann cells b. satellite cells c. microglia d. astrocytes e. oligodendrocytes f. ependymal cells. Neurons are a type of cell and are part of the nervous system. B) type of stimulus receptor In your opinion, is "A Christmas Memory" merely a vivid portrayal of a memory, or does it also convey a theme, or message? Immediately after an action potential the potassium gates, being slow gates that do not respond to change in the electrical charge, allow additional K+ ions to flood into the cell. (a) Cell body (b) Dendrites (c) Axon (d) All of the above are structural features of a neuron. a. d. astrocytes form and maintain the blood-brain barrier. b. sympathetic nervous system. 47. A) An excitatory postsynaptic potential occurs if the excitatory effect is greater than the inhibitory effect but less than threshold. d. increased protection of the brain. a. a. other neurons b. muscles c. glands d. all of the above, All of the following are characteristics of sympathetic preganglionic neurons EXCEPT: a. A stimulus traveling toward a synapse appears to open calcium ion channels at the presynaptic end, which in turn promotes fusion of synaptic vesicles to the axonal membrane. c. Hypoglossal nerve d. Autonomic Nervous System, 21. c. Motor efferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. High mitotic rate B. C) neurolemma The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. a. Dendrites and axon 15. C) negatively charged and contains more sodium. b. the person has a disease that affects myelin around axons. Specifically, combination therapy (simultaneous use of customized sub-perception field and paresthesia-based SCS) versus monotherapy (paresthesia-based SCS) was evaluated. Why does injection of a local anesthetic into a finger still cause a loss of the sensation of touch from the finger? conditions in Russian society that led to the Revolution of 1917. B. What are the small lower motor neurons that innervate intrafusal muscle fibers that are part of specialized stretch receptors called? certain disorder would most likely investigate which of the following? B) analyzes sensory information, stores information, makes decisions Preganglionic neurons are short and synapse in ganglia located near the spinal cord. a. When a gene is activated, a specific DNA segment is unraveled and transcribed onto: c. pons. b. Sensory afferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. A substance that directly activates gene transcription is likely acting as a: What effect might a disease that destroyed oligodendrocytes have on neuronal function? 31. d. The blood-brain barrier, 17. True or False, A stimulus traveling toward a synapse appears to open calcium ion channels at the presynaptic end, which in turn promotes fusion of synaptic vesicles to the axonal membrane. B) They have extreme longevity. Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? It stores energy reserves. a. Astrocytes . alternations to DNA sequences? a. corpus callosum. d. The person would have dulled senses for some period of time after taking the substance. A) astrocytes A) act as a transmitting agent d. Neurogenetics. a. the thin filaments of smooth muscle fibers are attached to dense bodies. Strong stimuli cause the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase. What portion of the neuron receives signals from other neurons? A neuron is formed when a receptor ends on another cell becomes active. 2. C) innervation of glands D. axon hillock. a. medulla. a. motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. First, consider an object with an initial position x0x_0x0, an initial velocity v0v_0v0, and an acceleration aaa. The substance released at axon terminals to propagate a nervous impulse is called a (n) ________. Identify the neuron type described: Two neuron types whose cell bodies are in the spinal cord (CNS). Motor afferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. c. basal ganglia. a. postganglionic terminals. What are the different types of motor neurons? Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? 4. c. The cerebral cortex includes the cerebellum. c. Motor neurons. 100% (3 ratings) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neurons? hippocampus, which of the following would most likely be the result? a. kg 1), . c. Myelination C ) brain and spinal cord. Which of the following is NOT a function or characteristic of neurons? During depolarization, the inside of the neuron's membrane becomes less negative. a. D) astrocytes, What does the central nervous system use to determine the strength of a stimulus? The person may have an increase in heart rate. a. Which of the following will occur when an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is being generated on the dendritic membrane? Correct option is C) Sensory neurons receive sensory inputs from the internal and external environment and transmit it to CNS (brain and spinal cord) for processing. The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. Which component has a role in the postsynaptic cell during synaptic activity? d. neuromuscular junctions. Answer: They are constantly dividing Explanation: Neurons are like different cells in the body on the grounds that: Neurons are encircled by a cell . C) calcium What distinguishes nerve cells and other excitable membranes (e.g., muscle cells) is that they are capable of changing their resting potential. Has component cells designed for conductivity b. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) are "firing," but due to the neurotransmitter released and its action, the postsynaptic neuron is inhibited from "firing" (hyperpolarized). a. c. Transcription factors b. Reactive astrocytes The significance of the myelin sheath surrounding axons of werve neurons is that ia is B. composed of synaptio vesieles, which corapletely botate the nouron due w ins whter dianecer. d. hippocampus. B) short distance depolarization Neurons and muscle cells are considered excitable tissues because they do what? B) Ions always move passively across membranes. Transcribed image text: Which of the following is not a characteristic of neurons? a. Epigenetic markers Which of the following is correct? a. parietal lobe. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? 39. Relative to the prefrontal cortex, the neuron would be called a(n): D) voltage regulated repolarization, Neuroglia that control the chemical environment around neurons by buffering potassium and recapturing neurotransmitters are ________. muscles throughout the body? D) A small . 56. Question. a. visual information. ______________ are chemicals that promote the growth and development of neurons. GBA variants increase the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) by 10 times. 28. 1. Neurons are a specific type of nervous system cell that is able to generate signals and transmit them to other neurons or target end-cells. Which of the following correctly describes a graded potential? Central Nervous System B) dendrite Ans: they are mitotic Unli . A neuron is a cell that communicates with the brain. The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a (n) ________. After peripheral nerve injuries, damaged axons can regenerate but functional recovery is limited by the specific reinnervation of targets. Differentiate the actions and chemical messengers in the endocrine system from those in the nervous system. c. Epigenetics b. c. Dendrites and soma a. Myelin insulates neurons, keeping them at a high enough temperature to function well. All rights reserved. a. Sensory neurons. A) cell body A Pyrex container is completely filled with 275cm3275 \mathrm{~cm}^3275cm3 of mercury at 10.0C10.0{\degree} \mathrm{C}10.0C. 23 We detected neurons and extracted temporal components from the calcium imaging data (Figure 2 C) with the CNMF-E toolbox. The nervous system most dominant while relaxing is the: e. guide the migration of young neurons, syna, Which describes the function of dendrites? Identify the cell type below that assists the function of neurons and has a supportive role within the nervous system? b) Myelinated axons transmit nerve impulses in the same manner as unmyelinated axons. 29. 7. a) ion b) cholinesterase c) neurotransmitter d) biogenic amine. B) The release of neurotransmitter molecules gives cells the property of being electrically coupled. B) repolarization d. astrocytes. What is the long outgrowth of a neuron along which electrical impulses are transmitted? d. act as transcription factors. a. forebrain. These cells have a star-like shape and a central body that contains the . a. receives input from sensory neurons b. directs activity of motor neurons that innervate muscles and glands c. contains association neurons within the brain and spinal cord d. conta, Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? Efferent neurons are ___ neurons carrying impulses to the muscles. Describe the structure of neurons 2. The oligodendrocytes can myelinate several axons. Nanoscale integrated circuit technologies have become popular for designing and implementing biologically inspired pulse-based brain systems [1].These advanced Nanoscale devices are implemented in specific defined models of neuronal recording [[2], [3], [4]].Especiallyto replace a dead neuron system with an artificial neuron system to activate the paralyzed body parts. b. medulla Classify neurons according to their function. Psych 4035 Ch 3 Practice and Reading Quizzes, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Charles Welsh, Cynthia Prentice-Craver, David Shier, Jackie Butler, Ricki Lewis, Chapter 3 Formatting Documents- Val Caylor. Identify the neuron type described: A functional neuron type most prevalent in the CNS. Why? All preganglionic neurons in the ANS are cholinergic. - Neurons have a cell body, which contains the majority of the cell's organelles. The parasympathetic division includes the pelvic nerves. 1. Neuroglia that control the chemical environment around neurons by buffering potassium and recapturing neurotransmitters are ________. Which membrane potential occurs because of the influx of Na+ through chemically gated channels in the receptive region of a neuron? a. Basal ganglia Neurons are the cells that make up the brain and the nervous system. b. An impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the ________. The former make connections from the spinal cord to the muscles. A) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands Which of the following describes the nervous system integrative function? B) negatively charged and contains less sodium Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. d. Sympathetic ganglion, 24. c. Myelin traps sodium ions in the axon and, What does myelin do for neurons? Learn about the neuron diagram, structure, and function. 2. C) opens K+ or Cl- channels The midbrain contains the: B) A nerve impulse occurs if the excitatory and inhibitory effects are equal. D) absolute refractory period. b. hypothalamus. ________ potentials are short-lived, local changes in membrane potential that can be either depolarized or hyperpolarized. Myelination of the nerve fibers in the central nervous system is the job of the oligodendrocyte. A scientist who wanted to determine how inflammation in the brain was occurring in a True or False, Axon diameter and degree of myelination determine nerve impulse conduction velocity. What type of neuron connects sensory and motor neurons in neural pathways? a. Neurogenetics d. cerebellum. As you start working out, you notice that your heart rate and breathing rate start to increase. d. spines along dendrites. c. the thalamus. b. thalamus. Oligodendrocytes are a type of neuroglia. b. medulla. The concentration of __ is higher outside than inside the cell. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? c. meninges. ________ are found in the CNS and bind axons and blood vessels to each other. a. Dendrite b. A genetic mutation caused by an error in replicating or repairing a gene is called: David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Anatomy and Physiology: An Integrative Approach, Michael McKinley, Theresa Bidle, Valerie O'Loughlin, LELCB 1B (28/1) - Collocation review (gap fil. A. B) Schwann cells What are the functional classifications of neurons? a. ribosomes. Neurons are responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body, a process that allows us to move and exist in the world around us. a. synapses. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Neuroglia that control the chemical environment around neurons by buffering potassium and recapturing neurotransmitters are _____., Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? These neurons are inhibitory neurons, meaning they release neurotransmitters that keep other neurons from firing. D. Skeletal muscles supports the weight of some internal organs. Define neurotransmitter. the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. C) oligodendrocytes Site of mRNA translation for proteins of the axolemma c. Axon fibres are covered by a white sheath called myelin. Which of the following best describes the function of astrocytes? Which of the following is not a structural feature of a neuron? If a physician identified her patient as a low drug metabolizer, which of the following is most If a drug severely depressed the functioning of the medulla, which of the following might be See Page 1. c. decrease the activity of postganglionic parasympathetic neurons. A) long distance signaling There are two well-characterized cannabinoid receptors (CB1R and CB2R and other candidates): the central nervous system (CNS) enriched CB1R and peripheral tissue enriched CB2R with a wide dynamic range of expression levels in different cell types of human tissues. D) ligand-gated channel, An impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the ________. It is impossible in a single chapter to delineate comprehensively the extensive structural, topographical and functional variation achieved by this cell type. Neurons require continuous and abundant supplies of oxygen, and cannot survive for more than a few minutes without it. 4. Which of the following is correct? d. motor neuron. The principles outlined above can be applied to the neuron and its ionic contents.. This protective role is important because cells of the immune system are denied access to the CNS. b. increasing glial scarring. a. interneuron. Which of the following statements is true of both membrane potential responses shown in the graphs? C) action potential Allow ions to move in and out of its cellular membrane. c. the structure is further out to the side of the brain. B) norepinephrine However, the electrical impulse cannot pass directly from a nerve cell to the skeletal muscle cells to excite them. a. Mitochondria in a neuron would no longer function. D) size of action potentials, Bipolar neurons are commonly ________. described as having a word on the tip of your tongue, might have abnormal functioning in the: b. Ventral root True or False, The overlapping functions of the nervous system are sensory input, integration, and motor output. 68. Discovering that someone has glial scars means suggests that: d. The person may have motor tremor. If a person ingested a substance that temporarily impaired the functioning of the a. Pons What is the function of upper motor neurons? (a) dendrites (b) cell body (c) myelin (d) axon terminal. Neurons differ in their morphology and function. What are the different classes of neurons and their functions? D) control the chemical environment around neurons 44. Neurons are relatively small, simple-structured cells. ce3z/(4zi)3dz_ce^{3z}/(4z-i)^3dz B) muscle contraction would occur. b. B) nerves People throughout history (has, have) been fascinated by the moon. 20. This is an example of: Name the parts that comprise the elbow joint. The structure that meets the spinal cord in the hindbrain is the: c. The person would later be unable to recall events that took place for some period of time after response? d. None of these are correct. B They have extreme longevity. The characteristic neurologic picture including loss of consciousness, temporary respiratory arrest, and loss of reflexes. Which of the following describes the excitatory postsynaptic potential? High metabolic rate C. Require continuous supplies of glucose and oxygen D. Extreme longevity E. No exceptions; all of these are characteristic of neurons. In epilepsy research, there is a growing interest in the role of the piriform cortex (PC) in the development and maintenance of limbic kindling and other types of limbic . Even though someone is diagnosed with MS, the axons are not damaged. b. ventricles. A substance that inhibits the activity of the cerebellum would be expected to: b. thalamus. Preganglionic neurons are located in the brain stem and sacral segments of the spinal cord. Increased diameter results in increased surface area on the membrane for sodium channels. Touch stimulation of this sensory receptor will open the mechanically gated ion channels, but action potentials are still not initiated because propagation of an action potential requires the opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels. 63. A. they produce neurotransmitters B. they lack neurotransmitter receptors C. they receive communication from other neurons D. they slow down the action potential. a. corpus callosum. b. Interneurons. d. Inhibited salvation. DI) They have an exceptionally high metabolic rate. D) control the chemical environment around neurons Group C fibers are not capable of saltatory conduction. Which nerve cells carry impulses from the brain to the muscles?
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