It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. Dick Lewis Barnett and Phillip Fry were African American veterans of the Union Army during the Civil War. You are the continuation of each of these people." Private names used in the quarters included Abah, Bilah, Comba, Dibb, Juba, Kauchee, Mima, and Sena. Another slave named Bill who attended the sheep became Bill Shepherd. Another common practice was to select a surname that fit the personality of an individual, such as Hardy or Rambler. 40. Facing History & Ourselves, "Changing Names," last updated May 12, 2020. Proving their identity as former soldiers often revealed some of the most detailed explanations for former slaves choice of surnames. African Americans in the U.S. Federal Census, 1870-1890 (National Tell me the name you were called before you met Phillip Fry? One ancestor was known as Baber Masse, Elizabeth SENET and Elisabeth Leveille in different documents. In French-speaking Louisiana, Slave names reflected the dominant language and thus were generally different from those in the English colonies. Q. In 1911, Barnett and Frys widow, Mollie, both applied for pensions from the government. African Americans were known by these surnames in the slave community and often recorded by slave owners on plantation documents. Users without a subscription are not able to see the full content on Even worse, during this period, many African Americanssome using surnames for the very first timechanged their surnames once or even several times. Join me as I present this NEW webinar that covers why we miss our ancestors in these records and presents numerous strategies to assist in finding every clue in census records. Fortunately, the French and Latin were excellent record keepers and the Catholics were obsessed with knowing the kinship of everyone. It helps me to understand the complexity of surname variation I have found in researching the ancestral patterns of an African-American cemetery in my local area. Practices undoubtedly varied, and different archival sources may yield different conclusions. slave rebellions, in the history of the Americas, periodic acts of violent resistance by Black slaves during nearly three centuries of chattel slavery. But the Slaves generally had two namesthe one given by the slave owner (e.g. The, For descendants, I would add the substantial emotional impact of seeing an ancestor's name attached to a dollar value, or being valued in a list with silverware and cattle. Slaveholders often renamed newly acquired slaves; but self-naming by slaves, which also occurred, is likely to be underreported in the records, which were mainly created by and for slaveholders. Thanks for writing this post! He was sold to my master William Orr and he always went by the name Edward Orr after that.. They cut it off from OCTAVIA. Prior to the emancipation of the American slaves in 1863, those African-Americans held in bondage had usually just one or two given names. For him, this meant claiming his new identity as a freedman and a citizen. For descendants, I would add the substantial emotional impact of seeing an ancestor's name attached to a dollar value, or being valued in a list with silverware and cattle. Rank. CLICK HERE TO REGISTER NOW! However the frequent rebellions by . After emancipation, he became William Smith. Bernard Meaning: brave warrior Origin: French 4. See footnotes for source information. I was called mostly Lewis Smith till after the war, although I was named Dick Lewis SmithDick was the brother of John Barnett whom I learned was my father . Many Welsh surnames follow this pattern, with Jones (from 'John's son) being the most common. These require Microsoft Word and a Windows platform. 20 August 2022, 1-3:30 pm [PAST EVENT], Eastern Standard Time: Join me for a two-hour lecture and workshop on Using Deed Records. ", "Case Overview: Ann Williams, Ann Maria Williams, Tobias Williams, & John Williams v. George Miller & George Miller Jr", "Augustine Tolton: From slavery to being the first black priest", "Cornish (and Other) Personal Names from the 10th Century Bodmin Manumissions", "Gospel-book with added Cornish records of manumissions ('The Bodmin Gospels' or 'St Petroc Gospels')", "Following Brigid's Way The Irish Catholic", Charity Folks, Lost Royalty, and the Bishop Family of Maryland and New York, "The Untold Story of How an Escaped Slave Helped Sir Francis Drake Circumnavigate the Globe", "Slave's 400-year-old grave in Dutch Jewish cemetery now a Black pilgrimage site" by Cnaan Lipshiz, Times of Israel, 6 February 2021, Roman Theater and Society: E. Togo Salmon Papers I, "Professor Says He Has Solved a Mystery Over a Slave's Novel", "Day of history to unfold in Muthill museum", "Cornelius Tacitus, The History, Book I, chapter 13", "An Old Actor's Memories; What Mt. With your explanations in mind, I will go back over a couple of family groups and re-assess the surname ambiguousness I have in my notes. All of them are alive in this moment. Thomas mother, younger brothers and sisters remained with the Black family. Slavery existed in the United States from its founding in 1776 and became the main . Our headquarters are located at: 89 South Street, Suite 401, Boston, MA 02111. Students learn about President Andrew Johnson and the Congressional Republican's conflicting visions of how to rebuild the nation after the Civil War. I first wrote about this in this 2009 post: http://justthinking130.blogspot.com/2009/09/calvin-r-yarborough-where-it-all-began.html, And,then, more recently in 2013, here: http://justthinking130.blogspot.com/2013/11/many-rivers-to-cross-my-priscilla.html. Letter to Armistead Burt of September 1, 1831, sfn error: no target: CITEREFCalhoun1837 (. Although it is not widely known, some African Americans used surnames before they were emancipated. I was called by that name all the time I was with the Morrows. It is from this myth that the plant genus, Phoebe is the Latin variation of the Greek name Phoibe, which derived from. Benson 2006 is one of the few general discussions of slave names. Gerald, however, is a Germanic name meaning ruler) 2. Currently, the most popular Black last name in America is Williams, with a total count of 774,920 people who have the surname. Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts South Atlantic Creole Archipelagos Forenames. For example, I know of one Louisiana family whose surname of Poulard evolved from a ancestor of the Poular nation(aka Fulani). Former slaves also interchanged surnames on census records. I focused on surnames but many of these books also discuss first names. Facing History & Ourselves uses lessons of history to challenge teachers and their students to stand up to bigotry and hate. 2. 42. Also largely unrecorded are the alternative names the enslaved used among themselves, sometimes called country names or basket names; they may also, according to African practice, have had multiple names over a lifetime. One of the largest sources are the Civil War pension records of the almost 200,000 black men who served in the US Army and Navy. Finding the Slave Who Bore Philomene Daurat. There is also another historian, Gwendolyn Midlo Hall who did work on African ethnicities in Louisiana, you can read more of that here if you havent seen that yet: http://whitneyplantation.com/the-louisiana-slave-database.html, Again, I applaud you for doing the research on the history of the areas where your ancestors livedmany researchers dont realize how crucial that understanding is. ", "If you can't get rid of the skeleton in your closet, you might as well make it dance! Born in Union County, South Carolina, he was sold to his last enslaver in 1858 and then brought to Mississippi. So just a few things to be aware of when researching any African-American ancestors. 3. They are recorded with the Ashby surname on subsequent documents. Is this the same woman Eliza I see living with Thomas Crenshaw in 1880 and 1900? Abel, et al. 1. In many cases this is ignored and children use their fathers name! Is this the work of the evil spirits or from my bad karma? Is this my fate!To worsen matters, a given new European label applied only to one aspect of the nature (whereas his/her original name referred to a total identity) of the enslaved and this was an effective way to try to fragment a victims mindset. Melvin, A. . - Jane Howard, "Friends are God's apologies for relations." Thank you. BRATHWAITE - This name was derived from a geographic location in the north of England. -Thich Nhat Hanh, evolve theme by Theme4PressPowered by WordPress, Maryland Genealogical Society Holiday Luncheon, December 2017-2, Washington FHC Annual Conference, May 2011, Baltimore Family History Conference, October 2017-2, International Black Genealogy Summit, September 2016-2, Carroll County Genealogical Society Dinner, June 2018, Baltimore Family History Conference, October 2017, Reginald Lewis Museum, September 2011-2.jpg, Maryland State Archives Family History Festival, October 2014-2, Central Maryland AAHGS Meeting, March 2013, Robyn, Vonda, Andrea and Glenn, NGS Conf., May 2014, Maryland Genealogical Society Holiday Luncheon, December 2017-1, Howard Comm. Picked by several celebrities (a couple of times even for a girl), adding up to an enthusiastically recommended choice. I worked for him as nurse for his children, and my full and correct name was OCTAVIA, but the family could not catch on to that long name and called me LOTTIE for short. Besides the Morrows, whom else did you live with in Louisville? The top 5 most common Hispanic last names from the 1920s are: 1. I think mostly about family separationas a mother now myself, the very idea that my dear child could be sold to who knows where, never to be seen again..just reduces me to tears anytime. Enslaved people resisted in ways large and small. . It prohibited. For more information or to contact an Oxford Sales Representative click here. This mini-lesson helps students define the term, learn what forms reparations can take, and consider what reparations should be offered for slavery and other racist policies. I love that your example shows two brothers, who came to different conclusions about their surnames. Recognizable patterns of change in names and naming practices are evident from the mid-eighteenth century to the early nineteenth century and on through the 1860s. . Are you thinking this woman Eliza Ellis was married to Wash Ellis? Robyn. Also, the government seemed to be in a almighty hurry to have us get names. Also included here are common names among slaves, many of which were classical and had ties to the Bible or mythology, such as Keziah and Venus. . This happened mostly on large plantations where several individuals had the same first names and a surname was used to distinguish them from one another. I communicate with them on Facebook. The Washingtons of Wessyngton Plantation: Stories of My Familys Journey to Freedom, A Thank You Letter from Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth, Plantation Records Key Link to African American Past . The name James has been a popular Victorian male names in the 1800s. . Wonderful to have first hand account that help shine light on the attitudes of our ancestors. Some of these examples come from the wonderful book, Voices of Emancipation: I served [in the War] as Henry Lock, the Lock being my old Massas name but since the War I have taken name of Rollie., [Edward] was owned by Drury Stovall and went by the name of Edward Stovall. The name.Auber.is also.in.Haiti and.is of.French orign. There was often a fluidity to the surnames that enslaved people had. I find it interesting that they often used the strange phrase he calls himself in the ads, as if having a given name and a surname was silly: Ran away from the subscriber on the 25th of October, a well set dark mulattoe man named Jem, but calls himself James Ferguson.. There are certainly methods you can used to try to verify some of the storyyou can look for Carrington and Williams slaveholders in the area in which your ancestor lived in the 1870 census. Thus, the patronymic surname can be effectively regarded as "keeper of the peace." This phenomenon is not unheard of with African American surnames. Jonah, the name of the Old Testament prophet who was swallowed by the whale, only to emerge unharmed three days later, is increasingly appreciated by parents looking for a biblical name less common than Jacob or Joshua, yet not too obscure. While enslaved almost all had just one Christian name. The most common of 603 names of female Slaves were Bet, Mary, Jane, Hanna, Betty, Sarah, Phillis, Nan, Peg, and Sary. Thats high on my to do list. Copeland This last name comes from Old Norse origin. Slave Names and Naming in the Anglophone Atlantic In 1836, William Turbeville died leaving an estate with several slaves who were brothers: Turner, Nelson, Simon, Jordan, and Jacob. Political Participation in the Nineteenth Century Atlantic Portugal and Brazile in the Age of Revolutions, Poverty in the Early Modern English Atlantic, Reconstruction, Democracy, and United States Imperialism, Settlement and Region in British America, 1607-1763, Slavery in British and American Literature, Slavery in Dutch America and the West Indies, Slavery in North America, The Growth and Decline of. The first published African-American poet & author Phillis Wheatley was born in West Africa. However, the enslaved occasionally had surnames, which became normal leading up to and after emancipation as a mark of assimilation into free society. I am not able to find any slaveholders in the Versailes area by the name of Ellis. In freedom, Jean-Louis was known as Louis SEM or Louis FUSELIER until finally using SAM. Relish, (Old French Origin) Derived from relaisse meaning "flavor or taste". Distinctively Black names were thought to have risen from the Civil Rights and Black Power Movements, which promoted the use of names with connections to Africa. I have been unable to trace several of his siblings and now wonder if it might be because others did not take that name. The Genealogy Source Table Collection includes 10 blank, editable source tables for death certificates, city directories, obituaries and funeral programs. Edmon S. Conner Recalls About His Career", "Law and the Cultural Production of Race and Racialized Systems of Oppression", "Runaway Slaves and Servants in Colonial Virginia", Slavery in the Courtroom: An Annotated Bibliography of American Cases, "Soldier of Furtune: John Smith before Jamestown", "YSTUMLLYN, JOHN ('Jack Black') (d. 1786), gardener and land steward | Dictionary of Welsh Biography", "Strong, Jonathan (c. 17471773), de facto freed slave", "Juan Francisco Manzano | Slave Narratives | The MoAD Salon | MoAD - Museum of the African Diaspora", "Relatos sobre la India Juliana. I was only three years old when she died. Surnames like Chantimel have disappeared, while names like Horsford and Ackie, coming from Antigua (where they are common), or Quarless, Dowden, Chandler, and Dottin from Barbados, have enriched Grenada's family history and cultural identity. This had a profound impact on the Selfhood of each of the enslaveddisrupting ones presumed Mission in life, as indicated by ones name; shattering the sharing of personal and historical experiences, attitudes, and spirits towards life; and putting in disarray the philosophy of life framework and common sense values by which all Africans lived. In 2001, I began a process of transcribing names of some of the largest slaveholders and matching the surnames with numbers of African Americans on the 1870 . This entry was posted on Friday, August 28th, 2009 at 11:46 am and is filed under Civil War, Genealogy & DNA, Interviews. Hi Rodney, British Surnames of the 1800s - Synonym Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. This article is from the Encyclopedia of North Carolina edited by William S. Powell. Burton, Richard D.E. Names and Naming in Afro-Caribbean Culture. New West Indian Guide/Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 73 (1999): 3558.
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