Trees of Georgia and Adjacent States. It has an open, rounded form with spreading branches. It tends to grow poorly in Piedmont clays. It also has igneous rocks in some areas. 6 to 8 feet tall and 4 to 5 wide, depending on whether or not root suckers are pruned. North Carolina to Tennessee and Kentucky, south to Georgia and west to Oklahoma. At the Sarah P. Duke Gardens, they're growing a Piedmont prairie, and we helped. Hoptree is a deciduous shrub or small tree with medium-coarse texture and slow to medium growth rate. Bloom time is from late April to early June. Blueberries thrive in acidic, well-drained soils that have been enriched with organic matter. Leaves are opposite, pinnately compound, 8 to 15 inches long with five to nine leaflets (usually seven). Red Maple is easy to transplant and tolerates wet soils. Foliage is dark green and glossy. Never plant it on wet sites. Foliage will scorch if exposed to summer afternoon sun. Grows in acid soils in the Southeast, predominantly in the Piedmont and mountains. Cold Hardy: Apple Trees thrive in Georgia's cold spring and cooler fall months. Sunny, wet, marshy areas; shrubby swamps and pond edges. Fruit are bluish-black drupes in fall. In nature, the macroclimate of an area, including winter and summer temperature extremes, precipitation and humidity, dictates the geographic distribution of a native plant. Habit describes the general form or shape of the plant. Water Oak is a fast-growing tree with a rounded crown. Turkey Oak is a distinctive, small, deciduous tree with crooked branches. University of North Carolina Herbarium, North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C. Online publication at www.herbarium.une.edu, Status and Revision History Form is upright and pyramidal. It was often planted around old home sites. Use Big-Leaf Magnolia as a specimen tree. Young bark is dark gray and smooth, while mature bark has deep furrows and rough ridges. Failure to conserve, tend and preserve the habitats of these and other native plants can lead to their extinction. 60 to 100 feet tall and 20 to 40 feet wide. Sosebee Cove Scenic Area near Blairsville, Ga., has several wonderful specimens. Sugar Maple is a deciduous tree having a medium texture, medium to slow growth rate and an upright to oval form. Use Deerberry in a mixed-shrub border with azaleas or along a woodland edge. This is an unusual-looking plant in flower and fruit. a. Foliage is blue-green in summer, turning wine-red in fall. Some plants in this region include kudzu, pine trees, oak . Yellow Buckeye is a beautiful, fast-growing tree when properly grown. It has a rounded to spreading canopy that is more pyramidal in youth. Leaves are sweet to the taste and are eaten by wildlife. Gallberry is an excellent source of nectar for both native and honey bees. Flowers are borne on short stalks arising at the leaf axils in April and May. Brackish coastal soils; wet depressions and bogs to fairly dry upland sands in pine or pine-oak forests. Also found on sand hills in association with various hardwoods and conifers. Use Laurel Oak as a shade or street tree. There are many cultivars in the trade. Fruit color changes from green to pink to dark blue and are covered in a waxy bloom. Over time, grass alone will not keep stream banks intact during flooding. Eastern Canada to Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and Texas. Some pruning will be necessary. Growth rate is defined as fast, medium or slow. Over hundreds of animals, over 600 identified plants What is the highest peak in Georgia with an elevation over 4,700 feet? Green Ash and White Ash (Fraxinus americana) look identical except for their seeds. Evergreen plants may be further described according to their leaf shape. Southern Pennsylvania, southern Indiana and eastern Iowa, south to Florida and west to eastern Texas. Pennsylvania, west to Ohio and Illinois, and south to Tennessee, northern Alabama and northern Georgia. All are shrubs. This plant grows on rocky slopes in forested areas. Foliage is glossy green above and whitish below. It provides refuge and cover for birds in inclement winter weather. Hickories in this publication are treated as a group rather than individually because of their limited use in home landscapes. Foliage is lustrous dark green above and lighter green underneath. American Snowbell is easy to root from cuttings taken in June and July. We would like to acknowledge the following University of Georgia faculty who wrote the original manuscript for this publication: Mel Garber, E. Neal Weatherly Jr., Kim Coder and Darrel Morrison. The word piedmont means foothill and describes an area of land sloping from the foot ("pied") of a mountain ("mont") to an adjoining lowland. Pierce's Disease has not been a significant problem in areas of Georgia above 1,300 feet elevation (high mountain area). 4 to 6 feet tall with a spread of 4 to 8 feet. It is a compact plant, typically about 6 feet in height. Deerberry is a multi-stemmed deciduous shrub with a fern-like branching pattern. It can be found in mixed hardwood forests and occasionally on dry, sandy sites in south Georgia. Fruit mature in early fall and are an orange-brown color. Fruit is a dry brown capsule. 50 to 60 feet tall and 25 to 30 feet wide. It is difficult to transplant from the wild, so it is best to plant a container-grown tree. Absent from the upper slopes of the Appalachian Mountains. It also has been widely cultivated in the southeast for Christmas trees because of its dense branching habit, fast growth and soil adaptability. It does best when planted in moist, fertile soils in full sun. The mature berry-like cones are eaten by many kinds of mammals and birds, including the cedar waxwing. They are excellent wildlife resources. Seeds have traveled north on car tires. Acorns are an important wildlife food. Field Crop, Forage & Turfgrass Production, Master Gardener Extension Volunteer Program, Soil Preparation and Planting Procedures for Ornamental Trees and Shrubs, Adam's Needle, Beargrass, Spanish Bayonet, Threadleaf Yucca /, Hillside Blueberry, Blue Ridge Blueberry /, Native Plants for Georgia Part III: Wildflowers, Native Plants of North Georgia: A Photo Guide for Plant Enthusiasts, UGA College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, UGA College of Family & Consumer Sciences, Range of average annual minimum temperatures for each zone, 1. Full sun and well-drained soils are preferred. Wet or moist soils, stream banks, swamps and borders of woods. It will adapt to full sun. 35 to 40 feet tall with a spread of 25 to 35 feet. Among the most common trees found in the region are white oak, northern red oak, black oak, post oak, and several species of hickory. (135) $12.00. Fall color is yellow. There is a race of mountain longleaf growing on ridges from Paulding County, Ga., to Rome, Ga., and into the Talladega National Forest in Alabama. Loblolly Bay is an evergreen tree with medium texture and a medium growth rate, having a narrow, pyramidal to oval shape. The spiny fruit can present a maintenance problem. The fruit is an elongated capsule bearing numerous seeds. A small, deciduous oak associated with rocky soil, granite outcrops and dry slopes in the Piedmont. Dry upland sites to moist sites, including pine flatwoods, hammocks and coastal dunes. It is best planted as a seedling and is attractive in its grass-like stage. The bark is smooth gray. New England to Florida and Mexico; west to Ohio, Illinois and Missouri. Weather extremes, either temperature or drought, have shown us one of the best and most practical reasons for using native plants their adaptations to local climate. All hawthorns provide fruit for birds in the fall and are preferred nesting trees in spring. Red Basil is a small, semi-evergreen shrub with aromatic leaves. The fragrant white flowers sometimes have yellow blotches. Bright red fruit persist throughout winter and are eaten by birds. It tolerates salt spray, so it would be a good choice for coastal areas. It will require pruning. Many cultivars have been selected for ornamental use in residential and commercial landscapes. It is best known for its brilliant yellow to orange to red fall color. Plant or transplant young trees or container-grown plants because larger trees are difficult to transplant. Plant species vary from area to area, based on local soil type . Yellow-green flowers, 0.5-inches wide, are borne in June and are often hidden among the foliage. Many selections with superior fruiting characteristics have been made. GEORGIA PIEDMONT Georgia Native Plant Society GEORGIA REGIONS Ridge and Valley Blue Ridge Mountains Piedmont Coastal Plain NATIVE Species naturally occurring . The plants that are native to the Piedmont region include rhododendrons, oaks, hickories, and maples. Georgia designated white-tailed deer as the official state mammal in 2015 thanks to efforts made by a group of elementary school students at Reese Road Leadership Academy in Muscogee County (Georgia also recognizes an official state marine mammal). Flowering Dogwood, the most popular flowering tree in the eastern United States, is deciduous with medium texture and a medium growth rate. Yellow Buckeye is mainly found in extreme north Georgia, but it does occur in a few Piedmont counties. In our area, evergreens can be "needled" or "broadleaf". Male and female flowers are borne on different plants (dioecious). It does not like hot, dry sites. The flowers occur in racemes, 4 to 8 inches long, in May and June. The foliage is dark green in summer with a purplish cast in winter. Cultivars are available. Summersweet Clethra is a deciduous, colony-forming shrub. Flowers are pollinated by only one insect the yucca moth. Use Possumhaw as a specimen tree in the shrub border or at the woodland edge. Cove hardwoods (rich, moist, protected pockets), 2. There are sharp spines on the tips of the cone scales. Minnesota to Maine, south to Florida and west to Texas. Common Witchhazel is a deciduous shrub or small tree with medium texture and a medium growth rate. Seedlings are tolerant of shade and can remain in the shrub layer for years, waiting for a "gap" that provides light. Use Chestnut Oak as a shade or specimen tree. Summer fruit are berry-like, purplish-blue and edible by humans and birds. 2001. Trumpetcreeper is a deciduous vine with medium texture and a fast growth rate. It adapts to most sites, including moderately dry sites. Bark is dark gray with shallow furrows in youth, becoming deeply furrowed with distinct interlacing ridges with age. Drought tolerance is good once the plant is established. My new book is "The Stickler's Guide to Science in the Age of Misinformation". Nebraska and Minnesota, east to Maine, south to Florida and west to Texas. 2004. Parsley Hawthorn is an understory tree that prefers moist soils in light shade or full sun. Then backfill with the same soil removed from the hole and water thoroughly to remove air pockets. Honeycup, or Zenobia, is a medium-size, stoloniferous shrub. Plant in moist, well-drained soils with morning sun and afternoon shade. It prefers moist, acid soils high in organic matter and full sun to light shade. Well-drained, gravelly soils on ridges and on upland slopes. It will grow in full sun to partial shade. It is drought-tolerant and easy to transplant. Seeds are borne in a legume-like pod. Disturbed sites, particularly acid, rocky soils of uplands. It grows best in moist soils in full sun. Other species, such as the popular repeat-blooming Swamp Jessamine (Gelsemium rankinii) are available. Mayhaw is a thorny, deciduous, small tree with white flowers borne in a flat cluster in March. The Coastal Plain from North Carolina to Florida, west to Mississippi. NORTHEAST GEORGIAN. Thin, wet woods; shallow depressions; and other low, moist areas. Found along stream banks in low areas and as an understory plant in hardwood forests. Form is variable but usually is broad-rounded at maturity. Although many of these plants will not grow and reproduce in cultivated landscapes like they do in their native habitat, they can adapt and become fine specimens. They give the tree a fleecy appearance. For best appearance, remove old stems with regular pruning. Form is upright with irregular branching. Red Oaks are in the subgenus Erythrobalanus. Maine to Ontario and Michigan, south to Florida and west to Texas. Use Arrowwood Viburnum for hedges, group plantings or screening. For a sustainable stream bank environment, plant native trees and shrubs. This small deciduous tree or shrub seldom grows over 20 feet tall and often has short, twisted stems. Massachusetts to Florida, west to Minnesota and Kansas. Small Anise-Tree is a large evergreen shrub or small tree with medium texture and a medium-fast growth rate. It transplants easily and is moderately drought tolerant. 6 to 8 feet tall with a spread of 6 to 8 feet. Slash Pine is a large tree often planted as an ornamental because it grows fast and has dense lustrous-green foliage. Stein, J., D. Binion, and R. Acciavatti. Tennessee, the Carolinas, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana. Nova Scotia to Minnesota, south along the mountains to Alabama and Georgia. Avoid wet sites. Habitats of Georgia Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the similarities and differences between plants, animals, and habitats found within geographic regions (Blue Ridge Mountains, Piedmont, Coastal Plains, Valley and Ridge, and Appalachian Plateau) of Georgia. It can easily be pruned back to about half its size. Georgia Oak is being used as a street tree or specimen tree and under power lines in the Georgia Piedmont. There are several other native sumacs. Use them as specimen plants in shady flowering borders. Use Small Anise-Tree as a specimen plant and for screening or hedges. Hummingbirds use Painted Buckeye heavily as they move north during spring migration. Mockernut Massachusetts to Ontario and Nebraska, south to Florida and west to Texas. It grows well on dry sites and is fairly long-lived. Flower form is similar to Leucothoe and Vaccinium. Fall color is burgundy red. Heatherrenee Follow Advertisement Advertisement Recommended The Five Regions of Georgia It is fairly easy to transplant and prefers moist, well-drained, acid soils and partial shade. Lanceleaf Smilax is a climbing evergreen vine with spineless stems. They are borne in terminal clusters of four to 12 individual flowers. The middle geographic section of Georgia, the Piedmont, contains metamorphic rocks as well. The Outer Coastal Plain is largely dominated by longleaf pine forests. Georgia Basil is a good landscape plant for dry soils in full sun. Fruit are globose, five-valved capsules with a white bloom. Palmetto palm is very tolerant of salt spray, flooding and wind. Post Oak is not usually planted as a landscape tree, but it would be a good choice for dry reclamation sites. It also is found on moist flood plains, edges of swamps, in abandoned fields and along fence rows. Rich woods and bottomlands of the Piedmont. It is widely used in landscaping because it has good site tolerance. Southern Wax Myrtle is an upright, broadleaf evergreen shrub/small tree. Bloom time is from May to August. Considered a close relative of Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum), Southern Sugar Maple is more tolerant of the high summer temperatures and humidity of Georgia than northern Sugar Maples. All have excellent wood for timber, and their nuts are coveted by wildlife. A wide range of sites, including well-drained upland slopes, heavy clays and dry, rocky ridges. Carolina Silverbell, in contrast, has flower petals that are united for more than half their length. Moist soils along shaded stream banks or on wet, rocky ledges. The soil in the piedmont region of Georgia includes thick red clay. Others say they are plants that have inhabited a particular region for thousands of years. American Holly is a broadleaf evergreen tree with medium-coarse texture and a moderate growth rate. Loblolly pine is an evergreen tree with medium texture and a fast growth rate. Much more numerous and widespread than needle palm. 40 to 60 feet tall with a spread of 30 to 40 feet. Mailing Address: 2440 Old Athens Hwy Cornelia, GA 30531. Washington Hawthorn makes an excellent small specimen tree, screen or hedge near buildings, provided it isn't used in high-traffic areas because of its thorns. No other tree matches the brilliant color in the late October to November landscape. They work to establish their root systems for several years before putting on top growth. Birds like the seeds. The underside of the leaf is whitish and smooth. Bays, low hammocks, acidic, peaty soils in and around pocosins. Large, fragrant, white, terminal flower clusters (panicles) up to 12 inches in length are borne in May and June on the previous seasons growth. (Fenneman 1928, p. 296). It tends to be multi-stemmed, but it can be easily pruned into a tree form. It is prone to dieback in south Georgia. It does well in full sun. They prefer full sun to light shade. Virginia to Florida; west to Texas, Oklahoma and Arkansas. It attracts birds and bees. This group has leaves with bristles at the tips of the lobes and the leaf apexes. This portion of the plain is a vital location for Georgia's agricultural endeavors, including the farming of cotton and peaches. Rhododendrons mix well with other evergreens, deciduous azaleas and dogwoods. Habit is loose, open and erect. This is a tough plant for hot, dry to moist sites in full sun. Southeastern coast from southern North Carolina to the northern panhandle of Florida. Evergreen Rhododendrons are flowering shrubs/small trees with dark green, leathery foliage. Nova Scotia south to Florida, west to eastern Texas, north to Minnesota and Western Ontario. A pioneer species in open fields and meadows; also grows well on dry, infertile soils. 15 to 20 feet tall with a canopy spread of 12 to 15 feet. Maryland and Virginia, south to Florida, west to Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas. Fragrant white flowers are borne in summer on slender 3- to 6-inch long spikes. Vines are generally useful for quickly covering objects such as arbors, trellises, fences or mailboxes. Found predominantly in the Piedmont. Fruit are dark blue, 0.5 inches in diameter, and resemble small, black olives. Cones are brown, up to 3.75 inches long, with minute prickles on the scales. During drought or extreme cold, they will roll into tight cylinders. It is difficult to transplant and is best planted from a container-grown plant. The bark on older trees is almost black, develops a blocky appearance, and looks like alligator hide. It is a useful wildlife tree. It can be used as a groundcover in full sun, but flowering will be sparse. Factors influencing growth rate include the age of the plant (most growth rates decrease with age), genetic background and site conditions. It commonly occurs along fence rows in poor, dry soils. Greenish-yellow flowers are borne in dense pyramidal clusters in June and July. Nova Scotia to Florida; west to Missouri, Mississippi and Texas. The species with mature heights of about three feet or less are generally known as lowbush blueberries. Most of the taller ones are called highbush blueberries.. Native plants vary widely in their requirement for plant nutrients and soil pH (a unit used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a soil). Mints, goldenrods, asters and legumes can often be found growing naturally with many native grasses. Slideshows Georgia's Habitats It is a tough plant, preferring moist, acid soils and full sun to partial shade. Planting sun-loving plants in shaded areas will result in spindly, weak growth, while planting shade-loving plants in full sun may cause leaf scorching or anemic-looking foliage.
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